Quantitative analysis of colour harmony in living environments using VR simulations

Abstract

This study investigates the quantitative assessment of colour harmony in living environments using Virtual Reality (VR) simulations. The primary objective is to develop a comprehensive model of colour harmony in three-dimensional interior spaces. Twenty participants were recruited to evaluate 36 different colour combinations of walls and furniture using VR technology. The experiment assessed colour harmony by varying lightness, saturation, and hue within spatial combinations. Key findings indicate significant negative correlations between both saturation and value differences and perceived harmony. The derived regression formulas for these relationships are CH=-1.27-7.02ΔS+2.46ΔS^2 (0≤ΔS ≤100, R^2=0.865) for saturation difference and CH=3.11-0.02ΔV (0≤ΔV≤100,R^2=0.705) for value difference. The results suggest that the spatial colour harmony model has some characteristic that are different with human perceived. This study bridges the gap between two-dimensional and three-dimensional colour harmony frameworks and provides practical guidelines for designing harmonious living spaces. Future applications may include automated systems such as painting robots and spatial colour design AI.